Module 7: Post-Harvest Handling & Storage
- Explain why post-harvest loss is a major issue for African farmers
- Describe proper drying, cleaning, and grading steps after harvest
- Identify storage methods that protect grain from pests and moisture
Post-harvest losses, crops that are grown successfully but spoil, rot, or are eaten by pests before reaching a buyer, are estimated by the FAO to destroy a significant share of harvested grain across Sub-Saharan Africa, often 20% or more for cereals in poorly managed systems. Proper handling starts immediately after harvest with cleaning debris, drying grain to a safe moisture level, commonly below 13-14% for maize, before storage, and sorting out damaged produce that could spread mold to the rest of the batch. Hermetic (airtight) storage bags, such as PICS (Purdue Improved Crop Storage) bags, and properly sealed metal silos keep out insects and moisture without relying on chemical pesticides, letting farmers hold grain longer and sell when prices are higher rather than being forced to sell immediately at harvest-time low prices.
1. Hermetic storage bags like PICS bags reduce grain loss mainly by:
2. Post-harvest loss refers to crops that:
3. Drying maize to a safe moisture level before storage is important because it: