Visual merchandising uses the retail principle that 'eye level is buy level' — products placed at a shopper's natural eye line sell better than those on the top or bottom shelves — along with clean signage and logical grouping to guide customers through a store and highlight higher-margin or seasonal items. Inventory management tracks what stock is on hand so a business neither runs out of popular items (a lost sale) nor overstocks slow-moving ones (tied-up cash); for perishable or dated goods, the FIFO principle (First In, First Out) ensures older stock is sold before newer stock to reduce waste. A point-of-sale (POS) system records each transaction, updates inventory automatically, and — increasingly across Nigeria and other African markets — accepts card and mobile payments alongside cash, which speeds up checkout and gives a business accurate daily sales data.